Mycotoxins, ergosterol, and odor volatiles in durum wheat during granary storage at 16 and 20 moisture content
D. Abramson, R. Hulasare, R. K. York, N. D. G. White and D. S. Jayas
Journal of Stored Products Research Volume 41, Issue 1 , 2005, Pages 67-76
2005
บทคัดย่อ
Eleven-kilogram parcels of durum wheat (Triticum durum L. cv. Melita) at 16% and 20% initial moisture content (m.c.) were kept in storage in a Manitoba farm granary for 20 weeks (May–September 2000) to determine changes in storage quality indicators and mycotoxin production. Temperature, moisture, CO2 levels, ergosterol content, odor volatiles, microfloral infection, and levels of major mycotoxins were monitored. Ochratoxin A and citrinin reached mean levels of 6.5 and 11.6 mg/kg, respectively, by 20 weeks at 20% m.c., but were absent at 16% m.c., and no other mycotoxins were found. Penicillium species were the predominant microflora. Ergosterol levels remained between 3.9 and 8.4 mg/kg at 16% m.c., but increased from 3.9 to 55.5 mg/kg at 20% m.c. during the 20-week trial period. A 12-element metal-oxide chemosensor array was used to monitor odor volatile evolution. Nine of the 12 sensors were able to track odor volatile changes at 20% and could consistently distinguish between volatiles from the two moisture treatments. Signals from these nine chemosensors showed a good correlation with ochratoxin A formation at 20% m.c. with r values between 0.84 and 0.87. Signals from two of these nine sensors also correlated well with citrinin formation (r=0.83) and very well with ergosterol production (r=0.98).