Identification of some black Aspergillus from various raisins in Khorasan-E-Razavi province
N. Ghezel Sefloo, M. Pirnia, M. Karimi-Shahri
Acta Horticulturae 963: 189-197. 2012.
2012
บทคัดย่อ
Raisin is one of the most important dried fruits because of its economical profits and foreign exchange income in the world. Export of agriculture products has an important role in non-petroleum export and has specific significance among the agriculture product of raisin. Aspergilli, especially black Aspergilli have been found to be the predominant fungal species infecting raisin worldwide. The incidence of Aspergillus species on raisins in Khorasan-e-Razavi Province was studied. 50 samples from various raisins were taken from stock storage and markets during 2011. The samples included sun dried, ‘California’ (Golden-bleached), ‘Sultana’, soda-oil-dipped and black currant. The samples were superficially disinfested, and then small parts of berries (raisin) were placed on Czapek’s Agar medium and after three days, Aspergillus colonies were observed. Overall, Aspergillus section Nigri was the most common species on raisins in Khorasan-e-Razavi stock storage and markets. Some strains in Aspergillus section Nigri, however, have characters that allow morphological distinction from the other species in the section, particularly the conidia size (5-7 µm), which allows separation of the species from the two most common biseriate species in section Nigri: conidia were measured 7-9 and 3-5 µm in A. carbonarious and A. niger and its aggregate species respectively. As the result, Aspergillus niger, A. awamori, A. carbonarius, A. tubingensis, A. foetidus and A. aculeatus were identified. Among these, A. aculeatus, A. awamori, A. foetidus and A. tubingensis are new records for mycoflora of Iran. Furthermore, this is the first report of A. carbonarius on raisin in Iran.