Use of volatile plant compounds as postharvest biofumigants to control fruit decay
F. Neri, M. Mari and P. Bertolini.
Journal of Plant Pathology Volume 90 (2, Supplement) August 2008, Book of Abstract, 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology, August 24-29, 2008 Torino,Italy,. 507 pages.
2008
บทคัดย่อ
Use of volatile plant compounds as postharvest biofumigants to control fruit decay
Some volatile compounds naturally occurring in plant products commonly used in the human diet were evaluated as fruit postharvest biofumigants againstPenicillium expansum,Monilinia laxa,Phlyctema vagabundaandBotrytis cinerea. The most consistent fungicidal activity was found with some isothiocyanates (allyl-isothiocyanate, 4-methyltiobutyl-isothiocyanate and butenyl-isothiocyanate), followed bytrans-2-hexenal, carvacrol, citral andtrans-cinnamaldehyde; other compounds such as hexanal, (-)-carvone,p-anisaldehyde, eugenol and 2-nonanone gave progressively lower inhibition. Thein vitroactivity of the volatiles was not always confirmedin vivo.Among the isothiocyanates tested, allyl-isothiocyanate provided the best control of brown rot in peaches and nectarines (80-100% efficacy, with 0.04 mg l-1) without negative effects on fruits. Allyl-isothiocyanate (0.7 mg l-1) also produced a significant reduction of blue mould infection on pears (over the 50%), although some phytotoxicity symptoms appeared on fruit skin after cold storage.Trans-2-hexenal significantly reducedP. expansum,M. laxaandB.cinereainfections in pome fruits, stone fruits and soft fruits (grapes and strawberries), respectively, whereas it failed to controlP. vagabundarot on apples. The results withtrans-2-hexenal (12.5μl-1) on ‘Golden Delicious’ apples were particularly interesting, where the compound greatly reduced blue mould (98% efficacy) and fruit patulin content, without any detrimental effects on fruit. In contrast,trans-2-hexenal caused phytotoxic symptoms in apricots, nectarines, peaches, strawberries and ‘Abate Fetel’ pears, and offflavours in plums, ‘Conference’ and ‘Bartlett’ pears, ‘Royal Gala’ apples and ‘Italia’ grapes. Carvacrol, citral ortrans-cinnamaldehyde had little positive effect or failed to control the decays.