บทคัดย่องานวิจัย

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Colletotrichum: Host specificity and pathogenicity on selected tropical and subtropical crops

Stanley Freeman

Program and Abstracts, 4th International Symposium on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, November 3-7 2008, Bogor, Indonesia. 215 pages.

2008

บทคัดย่อ

Colletotrichum: Host specificity and pathogenicity on selected tropical and subtropical crops

Colletotrichum and its teleomorph Glomerella are considered as a major fungal plant pathogens worldwide. They cause significant economic damage to fruit crops in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Several Colletotrichum species or biotypes are known to cause disease in a single host such as C.acutatum and C gloeosporioides on almond, avocado, citrus, mango, papaya, passiflora, strawberry and tamarillo. It is also common to find a single species infecting multiple hosts such as C. gloeosporioides on avocado, strawberry, apple, peach, papaya and other hosts. The ability to cause latent or quiescent infections has grouped Colletotrichum as o­ne of the most important post-harvest pathogens. Identification of Colletotrichum species responsible for disease is vital for implementing effective control strategies and for breeding for resistance. Traditional methods based o­n morphology, vegetative compatibility, and various molecular techniques, are used for identifying Colletotrichum populations o­n various hosts cultivated in close proximity. Cross­infection potential was evident between two species, C. gloeosporioides from almond (Israel), apple (USA), avocado (Israel) and mango (Israel), and C. acutatum from anemone (Israel, Australia), apple (USA), peach (USA) and strawberry (Israel), o­n a variety of hosts in artificial inoculations. Molecular analyses, including ITS sequencing is reliable for taxonomic identification of Colletotrichum taxa, whereas repetitive DNA elements, A+ T-rich DNA and ap­PCR are used for determining subpopulation diversity within species. Subpopulations within C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides have been characterized, however, their taxonomic status is unclear. C. boninense has recently been identified as a diverse new species infecting multiple fruit crops.