ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Prospects for reducing fumonisin contamination of maize through genetic modification.

DUVICK, J.

Environmental Health Perspectives 109: 337 – 342.

2001

บทคัดย่อ

Among the strategies for reducing risk of fumonisin contamination in maize supplied to the market, the development and deployment of Fusarium ear mould resistant maize germplasm is a high priority. Breeding for increased ear mould tolerance and reduced mycotoxin levels is being practiced today but the amount of resistance achievable may be limited due to complicated genetics and/ or linkage to undesirable agronomic traits. Transgenic approaches to ear mould/ mycotoxin resistance are now feasible as well. One example is already on the market, namely transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Bt toxin targeted to the European corn borer. A second approach, transgene mediated control of the ability of Fusarium to infect and colonixe the ear, could potentially be achieved through over-expression of specific antifungal proteins and metabolites, or enhancement of the plant’s own defence systems in kernel tissues. A third approach is transgene strategies aimed at preventing mycotoxin biosynthesis, or detoxifying mycotoxins in plants. In one example of such a strategy, enzymes that degrade fumonisins have been identified in a filamentous saprophytic fungus isolated from maize, and corresponding genes have been cloned and are currently being tested in transgenic maize.