การประดิษฐ์เครื่องมือขอดเกล็ดปลา
แสงไทย พจน์สมพงส์, ศิโรจน์ ดุละลัมพะ, สุเมธ สุพิชญางกูร และ สมนึก มงคลเสรีชัย
รายงานวิชาการและการทดลองประจำปี 2525-2526 กองพัฒนาอุตสาหกรรมสัตว์น้ำ กรมประมง หน้า 79-86
2526
บทคัดย่อ
Total production of Sepat-Siam (Trichogaster pectoralis) in 1981 was 18,384 tons and it was estimated that 80% of the production was processed as dried product.In a processing plant, a number of workers were employed for scaling and gutting large amounts of fish.The existing practice in scaling fish is the use of a galvanized iron spoon for each worker and the time required for scaling one fish is about 15-20 seconds.To reduce the time and increase efficiency of the process, a scaling machine should be used in the plant.This is the reason that the fish Process Engineering Section has designed and fabricated a fish scaling machine so that it will be introduce to the processors. The machine consists of a steel drum used for loading and unloading fish for loading and unloading fish for scaling; the drum is drilled thoroughly for water draining; another assembly is a water pipe which is drilled to 41 holes along the length of the pipe and inserted in the center of the drum.Water is delivered from a water pump with a sufficient pressure so that water from the 41 holes will be squirted into the fish for scaling.The structure of the machine is shown in figure 1-3.To test the efficiency of the machine, 10 kilograms of fish were fed into the drum and it was manually rotated at 5 r p m while water was being delivered at the rate of 30 psi.The machine has been operated for many times until the result was shown that fish scales could be removed 60%within 5 minutes without bruising the skin of fish.Fish scales could be also removed 95-100% but the skin would bruise and result in inferior appearance and it took a lot of times.Therefore, the effective operation for scaling of Sepat-Siam is to scale the fish in for 5 minutes and unload fish for continuous scaling by using spoon.It is estimated that one fish will be scaled for 3 seconds in the machine and scales remaining will be removed for 4 seconds by using spoon, therefor the overall time spent for scaling on fish is 7 seconds which is less than 2 – 3 times in comparison with the use of spoon only.In addition, the amount of fish can be added by extending the drum and water pipe.In this case,a large amount of fish can be scaled more quickly.